参数资料
型号: AD8318
厂商: Analog Devices, Inc.
英文描述: 1 MHz - 8 GHz, 60 dB Logarithmic Detector/Controller
中文描述: 1兆赫- 8千兆赫,60分贝对数检测器/控制器
文件页数: 16/24页
文件大小: 2127K
代理商: AD8318
AD8318
In general, the calibration is performed by applying two known
signal levels to the AD8318’s input and measuring the
corresponding output voltages. The calibration points are
generally chosen to be within the linear-in-dB operating range of
the device (see Figure 30). Calculation of slope and intercept is
done using the equations
Rev. 0 | Page 16 of 24
Slope
= (
V
OUT1
V
OUT2
)/(
P
IN1
P
IN2
) (9)
Intercept
=
P
IN1
V
OUT1
/
Slope
(10)
Once
Slope
and
Intercept
have been calculated, an equation can
be written which will allow calculation of an (unknown) input
power based on the output voltage of the detector.
P
IN
(unknown) =
V
OUT
(measured)/
Slope
+
Intercept
(11)
Using the equation for the ideal output voltage (7) as a reference,
the log conformance error of the measured data can be
calculated:
Error
(dB) = (
V
OUT
(MEASURED)
V
OUT
(IDEAL)
)/
Slope
(12)
Figure 30 includes a plot of the error at 25°C, the temperature at
which the log amp is calibrated. Note that the error is not zero.
This is because the log amp does not perfectly follow the ideal
V
OUT
versus
P
IN
equation, even within its operating region. The
error at the calibration points (
12 dBm and
52 dBm in this
case) will, however, be equal to zero by definition.
Figure 30 also includes error plots for the output voltage at
40°C and +85 °C. These error plots are calculated using the
slope and intercept at 25°C. This is consistent with calibration in
a mass-production environment where calibration at
temperature is not practical.
SELECTING CALIBRATION POINTS TO IMPROVE
ACCURACY OVER A REDUCED RANGE
In some applications very high accuracy is required at just one
power level or over a reduced input range. For example, in a
wireless transmitter, the accuracy of the high power amplifier
(HPA) will be most critical at or close to full power.
Figure 31 shows the same measured data as Figure 30. Notice
that accuracy is very high from 10 dBm to 30 dBm. Below
30 dBm the error increases to about 1 dB. This is because the
calibration points have been changed to 14 dBm and 26 dBm.
2.2
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.6
0.4
0.2
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
–0.5
–1.0
–1.5
–2.0
–2.5
–65 –60 –55
–45 –40 –35 –30
–20
–10
–5
0
5
0
P
IN
(dBm)
PIN
1
PIN
2
V
O
E
ERROR +25
°
C
ERROR –40
°
C
ERROR +85
°
C
V
OUT
+25
°
C
V
OUT
–40
°
C
V
OUT
+85
°
C
VOUT
2
VOUT
1
Figure 31. Output Voltage and Error vs. P
IN
with 2-Point Calibration at
–10 dBm and –30 dBm
Calibration points should be chosen to suit the application
at hand. In general, though, the calibration points should
never be chosen in the nonlinear portion of the log amp’s
transfer function (above 5 dBm or below 60 dBm in this
case).
Figure 32 shows how calibration points can be adjusted to
increase dynamic range, but at the expense of linearity. In
this case the calibration points for slope and intercept are set
at 4 dBm and 60 dBm. These points are at the end of the
device’s linear range. Once again at 25°C, we see an error of
0 dB at the calibration points. Note also that the range over
which the AD8318 maintains an error of < ±1 dB is
extended to 60 dB at 25°C and 58 dB over temperature. The
disadvantage of this approach is that linearity suffers,
especially at the top end of the input range.
2.2
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
–65 –60 –55 –50 –45 –40 –35 –30 –25 –20 –15 –10 –5
P
IN
(dBm)
0
5
0
V
O
2.5
–2.5
–2.0
–1.5
–1.0
–0.5
0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
E
V
OUT
+25
°
C
V
OUT
–40
°
C
V
OUT
+85
°
C
ERROR +25
°
C
ERROR –40
°
C
ERROR +85
°
C
58dB DYNAMIC RANGE (
±
1dB ERROR)
Figure 32. Dynamic Range Extension by Choosing Calibration Points
that are Close to the End of the Linear Range
Another way of presenting the error function of a log amp
detector is shown in Figure 33. In this case, the dB error at
hot and cold temperatures is calculated with respect to the
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