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参数资料
| 型号： | C166 |
| 厂商： | SIEMENS AG |
| 元件分类： | 8位微控制器 |
| 英文描述： | 8-Bit Microcontroller(8位微控制器) |
| 中文描述： | 8位微控制器（8位微控制器） |
| 文件页数： | 14/45页 |
| 文件大小： | 654K |
| 代理商： | C166 |
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AP242005 07.99
Crystal Oscillators of the
C500 / C166 Microcontroller Family
6
Start-up- and Oscillation Reliability
Most problems concerning the oscillator in a microcontroller system occur during the oscillation
start-up time. During start-up time the drive level of the oscillation is very small and is increased up
to the maximum. During that time the resistance of the crystal can reach high values because
crystals show resistance dips depending on the drive level and the temperature. This effect is called
drive level dependence (DLD). The DLD of a quartz crystal depends on the quality and can alter
during production and during the life time of the crystal. If the resistance dips of the crystal increase
in a range where the amplification of the oscillator is lower than one, than the oscillation cannot start.
Therefore
it is strongly recommended to check the start-up and oscillation reliability
.
This test is done with the negative resistance method.
For further details please refer to the following IEC standards:
IEC 122-2-1: Quartz crystal units for microprocessor clock supply
IEC 444-6:
Measurement of drive level dependence (DLD)
6.1
Principle of the Negative Resistance Method
The oscillator can be divided into the on-chip oscillator-inverter and the external circuitry. The
oscillator circuitry can be simplified as shown in figure 5. The load capacitance C
L
contains C
X1
, C
X2
and the stray capacitance C
S
. The amplification ability of the oscillator-inverter is replaced with a
negative resistance -R
INV
and the quartz crystal is replaced by the load resonance resistance R
L
(effective resistance) and the effective reactance L
Q
.
Figure 5 :
Equivalent Circuit for Negative Resistance Methode
C
S
C
X1
C
X2
Q
R
fint
C
L
-
R
INV
L
Q
R
L
Equivalent Circuit of Oscillator Circuit
Oscillator Circuit
C
L
R
Q
R
Q
Microcontroller
XTAL1
XTAL2
相关PDF资料 |
PDF描述 |
|---|---|
| C1676 | Approved for use with GlobeSpan HDSL2 Chip Set Meets the requirements of IEC60950 for supplementary insulation, 250V working voltage |
| C167CR-16F | 16-Bit CMOS Single-Chip Microcontroller with 128KByte Flash EPROM |
| C167CR-16RM | 16-Bit CMOS Single-Chip Microcontrollers |
| C167CR | 16-bit microcontrollers(16位微控制器) |
| C167CS-4R | BOARD INTERFACE KGZ/GMS 0-100% |
相关代理商/技术参数 |
参数描述 |
|---|---|
| C1660 | 制造商:TE Connectivity 功能描述:TRANSFORMER - Tape and Reel |
| C1663-012 | 制造商:TINNERMAN 功能描述: |
| C1663-012-1 | 制造商:TINNERMAN 功能描述: |
| C1663-012-3B | 制造商:TINNERMAN 功能描述: |
| C1663-012-4 | 制造商:TINNERMAN 功能描述: |
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