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参数资料
| 型号： | CS6422-CS |
| 厂商： | CIRRUS LOGIC INC |
| 元件分类： | 无绳电话/电话 |
| 英文描述： | Enhanced Full-Duplex Speakerphone IC |
| 中文描述： | SPEAKER PHONE CIRCUIT, PDSO20 |
| 封装： | 0.300 INCH, MS-013, SOIC-20 |
| 文件页数： | 33/48页 |
| 文件大小： | 873K |
| 代理商： | CS6422-CS |
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CS6422
33
room, when someone moves the speaker or the mi-
crophone, or when someone drops a piece of paper
on top of the speaker. So, the filter needs to adapt
to modify its transfer function to match that of the
environment. It does so by measuring the error sig-
nal at point E and trying to minimize it. This signal
is fed back to the adaptive filter to measure perfor-
mance and how best to adapt, or train.
The trouble arises when the person at the near-end
(C) speaks: the error signal will be non-zero, but
the adaptive filter should not change. If it tries to
train to the near-end signal, the adaptive filter has
no way to reduce the error signal, because there is
no input to the filter, and therefore no output from
it. The adaptive filter would mistrain.
To prevent this mistraining, the echo canceller uses
double-talk detection algorithms to determine
when to update. These update control algorithms
are the heart of most echo canceller implementa-
tions.
The worst case situation for the CS6422 is when
parties at both ends are speaking and the person at
the near-end is moving. In this case, the echo can-
celler will cease to adapt because of the double-
talk, but the echo will not be optimally reduced be-
cause of the change in path.
4.1.1.2
Adaptive Filter
The adaptive filter in the CS6422 uses an algorithm
called
the
“
Normalized
(NLMS)
”
update algorithm to learn the echo path
transfer function. This Finite Impulse Response
(FIR) filter has 508 taps, which can model up to
63.5 ms of total path response at a sampling rate of
8kHz. The coverage time is calculated by the fol-
lowing formula:
Least-Mean-Square
x
508 = 63.5 ms.
The CS6422
’
s adaptive filter, like all FIR filters,
only models Linear and Time Invariant (LTI) sys-
tems. So, any non-linearity in the echo path can not
be modeled by the adaptive filter and the resulting
signals will not be cancelled. Signal clipping and
poor-quality speakers are very common sources of
non-linearity and distortion.
A common integration problem for echo cancellers
is signal clipping in the echo path. For example, if
a speaker driver is driven to its rails, the distortion
of the speech may be hard to perceive, but it is very
bad for the echo canceller. The technique of over-
driving the speaker has been used in half-duplex
phones to provide good low-level signal gain at the
expense of distortion with high amplitude signals.
Since this does not work for the CS6422, an AGC
mechanism has been introduced to provide equiva-
lent behavior without clipping. See Section 4.1.3,
“
AGC
”
for more details.
Another common problem is speaker quality. A
poor quality speaker which is perfectly acceptable
for a half-duplex speakerphone, may limit the echo
canceller
’
s performance in a full-duplex speaker-
phone. The distortion elements are not modeled by
the adaptive filter and so limit its effectiveness.
Speakers should have better than 2% THD perfor-
mance to not impede the adaptive filter.
Volume control should be implemented using the
CS6422 Microcontroller Interface. A real-time ex-
ternal change in the gain of the speaker driver re-
sults in a change in the transfer function of the echo
path, and will force the adaptive filter to readapt. If
the volume control is done before the input to the
adaptive filter, the echo path does not change, and
retraining is not necessary. Another side benefit of
the CS6422 volume control is that it transparently
provides dynamic range compression through the
AGC function.
4.1.1.2.1 Pre-Emphasis
The typical training signal for the adaptive filter is
speech, but most adaptive filters train optimally
with white noise. Speech has very different spectral
8
kHz
----1
DS295F1
相关PDF资料 |
PDF描述 |
|---|---|
| CS6422-CSZ | Enhanced Full-Duplex Speakerphone IC |
| CS7054 | Low Side PWM FET Controller(高端PWM FET控制器) |
| CS7054YDW16 | DC Motor Controller/Driver |
| CS7054YDWR16 | DC Motor Controller/Driver |
| CS7410 | CD/MP3/WMA Audio Controller |
相关代理商/技术参数 |
参数描述 |
|---|---|
| CS6422-CSZ | 功能描述:音频放大器 Enhanced Full-Duplex Speakerphone IC RoHS:否 制造商:STMicroelectronics 产品:General Purpose Audio Amplifiers 输出类型:Digital 输出功率: THD + 噪声: 工作电源电压:3.3 V 电源电流: 最大功率耗散: 最大工作温度: 安装风格:SMD/SMT 封装 / 箱体:TQFP-64 封装:Reel |
| CS6422-CSZ | 制造商:Cirrus Logic 功能描述:ICTelephone Speech CircuitSOP20PINPL |
| CS6422-CSZ | 制造商:Cirrus Logic 功能描述:IC TELEPHONE SPEECH CIRCUIT 20SOP |
| CS6422-CSZ/A | 功能描述:IC SPEAKERPHONE ENHANCED 20SOIC 制造商:cirrus logic inc. 系列:* 零件状态:过期 标准包装:37 |
| CS6422-CSZR | 功能描述:电信集成电路 IC Enhanced Full-Duplx Spkrphone RoHS:否 制造商:STMicroelectronics 类型:Telecom IC - Various 工作电源电压:4.75 V to 5.25 V 电源电流: 工作温度范围:- 40 C to + 85 C 安装风格:SMD/SMT 封装 / 箱体:PQFP-100 封装:Tray |
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