参数资料
型号: LM2595-3.3MWC
厂商: NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORP
元件分类: 稳压器
英文描述: 2.6 A SWITCHING REGULATOR, 173 kHz SWITCHING FREQ-MAX, UUC
封装: WAFER
文件页数: 10/33页
文件大小: 1016K
代理商: LM2595-3.3MWC
Application Information (Continued)
lytic capacitors designed for switching regulator applications.
Other capacitor manufacturers offer similar types of capaci-
tors, but always check the capacitor data sheet.
“Standard” electrolytic capacitors typically have much higher
ESR numbers, lower RMS current ratings and typically have
a shorter operating lifetime.
Because of their small size and excellent performance, sur-
face mount solid tantalum capacitors are often used for input
bypassing, but several precautions must be observed. A
small percentage of solid tantalum capacitors can short if the
inrush current rating is exceeded. This can happen at turn on
when the input voltage is suddenly applied, and of course,
higher input voltages produce higher inrush currents. Sev-
eral capacitor manufacturers do a 100% surge current test-
ing on their products to minimize this potential problem. If
high turn on currents are expected, it may be necessary to
limit this current by adding either some resistance or induc-
tance before the tantalum capacitor, or select a higher volt-
age capacitor. As with aluminum electrolytic capacitors, the
RMS ripple current rating must be sized to the load current.
FEEDFORWARD CAPACITOR
(Adjustable Output Voltage Version)
C
FF -A Feedforward Capacitor CFF, shown across R2 in Fig-
ure 1 is used when the output voltage is greater than 10V or
when C
OUT has a very low ESR. This capacitor adds lead
compensation to the feedback loop and increases the phase
margin for better loop stability. For C
FF selection, see the de-
sign procedure section.
OUTPUT CAPACITOR
C
OUT — An output capacitor is required to filter the output
and provide regulator loop stability. Low impedance or low
ESR Electrolytic or solid tantalum capacitors designed for
switching regulator applications must be used. When select-
ing an output capacitor, the important capacitor parameters
are; the 100 kHz Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR), the
RMS ripple current rating, voltage rating, and capacitance
value. For the output capacitor, the ESR value is the most
important parameter.
The output capacitor requires an ESR value that has an up-
per and lower limit. For low output ripple voltage, a low ESR
value is needed. This value is determined by the maximum
allowable output ripple voltage, typically 1% to 2% of the out-
put voltage. But if the selected capacitor’s ESR is extremely
low, there is a possibility of an unstable feedback loop, re-
sulting in an oscillation at the output. Using the capacitors
listed in the tables, or similar types, will provide design solu-
tions under all conditions.
If very low output ripple voltage (less than 15 mV) is re-
quired, refer to the section on Output Voltage Ripple and
Transients for a post ripple filter.
An aluminum electrolytic capacitor’s ESR value is related to
the capacitance value and its voltage rating. In most cases,
higher voltage electrolytic capacitors have lower ESR values
(see
Figure 14). Often, capacitors with much higher voltage
ratings may be needed to provide the low ESR values re-
quired for low output ripple voltage.
The output capacitor for many different switcher designs of-
ten can be satisfied with only three or four different capacitor
values and several different voltage ratings. See the quick
design component selection tables in
Figure 2 and Figure 3
for typical capacitor values, voltage ratings, and manufactur-
ers capacitor types.
Electrolytic capacitors are not recommended for tempera-
tures below 25C. The ESR rises dramatically at cold tem-
peratures and typically rises 3X @ 25C and as much as
10X at 40C. See curve shown in
Figure 15.
Solid tantalum capacitors have a much better ESR spec for
cold temperatures and are recommended for temperatures
below 25C.
CATCH DIODE
Buck regulators require a diode to provide a return path for
the inductor current when the switch turns off. This must be
a fast diode and must be located close to the LM2595 using
short leads and short printed circuit traces.
Because of their very fast switching speed and low forward
voltage drop, Schottky diodes provide the best performance,
especially in low output voltage applications (5V and lower).
Ultra-fast recovery, or High-Efficiency rectifiers are also a
good choice, but some types with an abrupt turnoff charac-
teristic may cause instability or EMI problems. Ultra-fast re-
covery diodes typically have reverse recovery times of 50 ns
or less. Rectifiers such as the 1N5400 series are much too
slow and should not be used.
DS012565-28
FIGURE 13. RMS Current Ratings for Low ESR
Electrolytic Capacitors (Typical)
DS012565-29
FIGURE 14. Capacitor ESR vs Capacitor Voltage Rating
(Typical Low ESR Electrolytic Capacitor)
www.national.com
18
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