参数资料
型号: LM2621MDC
厂商: NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORP
元件分类: 稳压器
英文描述: 2.85 A SWITCHING REGULATOR, 2000 kHz SWITCHING FREQ-MAX, UUC
封装: DIE
文件页数: 10/13页
文件大小: 306K
代理商: LM2621MDC
Detailed Description (Continued)
This control scheme uses a hysteresis window to regulate
the output voltage. When the output voltage is below the up-
per threshold of the window, the LM2621 switches continu-
ously with a fixed duty cycle of 70% at the switching fre-
quency selected by the user. During the first part of each
switching cycle, the internal N-channel MOSFET switch is
turned on. This causes the current to ramp up in the inductor
and store energy. During the second part of each switching
cycle, the MOSFET is turned off. The voltage across the in-
ductor reverses and forces current through the diode to the
output filter capacitor and the load. Thus when the LM2621
switches continuously, the output voltage starts to ramp up.
When the output voltage hits the upper threshold of the win-
dow, the LM2621 stops switching completely. This causes
the output voltage to droop because the energy stored in the
output capacitor is depleted by the load. When the output
voltage hits the lower threshold of the hysteresis window, the
LM2621 starts switching continuously again causing the out-
put voltage to ramp up towards the upper threshold.
Figure 2
shows the switch voltage and output voltage waveforms.
Because of this type of control scheme, the quiescent cur-
rent is inherently very low. At light loads the gated oscillator
control scheme offers a much higher efficiency compared to
the conventional PWM control scheme.
LOW VOLTAGE START-UP
The LM2621 can start-up from input voltages as low as 1.1V.
On start-up, the control circuitry switches the N-channel
MOSFET continuously at 70% duty cycle until the output
voltage reaches 2.5V. After this output voltage is reached,
the normal step-up regulator feedback and gated oscillator
control scheme take over. Once the device is in regulation it
can operate down to a 0.65V input, since the internal power
for the IC can be boot-strapped from the output using the
V
DD pin.
SHUTDOWN
The LM2621 features a shutdown mode that reduces the
quiescent current to less than a guaranteed 2.5A over tem-
perature. This extends the life of the battery in battery pow-
ered applications. During shutdown, all feedback and control
circuitry is turned off. The regulator’s output voltage drops to
one diode drop below the input voltage. Entry into the shut-
down mode is controlled by the active-low logic input pin EN
(Pin 2). When the logic input to this pin pulled below
0.15V
DD, the device goes into shutdown mode. The logic in-
put to this pin should be above 0.7V
DD for the device to work
in normal step-up mode.
OUTPUT VOLTAGE RIPPLE FREQUENCY
A major component of the output voltage ripple is due to the
hysteresis used in the gated oscillator control scheme. The
frequency of this voltage ripple is proportional to the load
current. The frequency of this ripple does not necessitate the
use of larger inductors and capacitors however, since the
size of these components is determined by the switching fre-
quency of the oscillator which can be set upto 2MHz using
an external resistor.
INTERNAL CURRENT LIMIT AND THERMAL
PROTECTION
An internal cycle-by-cycle current limit serves as a protection
feature. This is set high enough (2.85A typical, approxi-
mately 4A maximum) so as not to come into effect during
normal operating conditions. An internal thermal protection
circuitry disables the MOSFET power switch when the junc-
tion temperature (T
J) exceeds about 160C. The switch is
re-enabled when T
J drops below approximately 135C.
Design Procedure
SETTING THE OUTPUT VOLTAGE
The output voltage of the step-up regulator can be set be-
tween 1.24V and 14V by connecting a feedback resistive di-
vider made of R
F1 and RF2. The resistor values are selected
as follows:
R
F2 =RF1 /[(VOUT/ 1.24) 1]
A value of 150k
is suggested for R
F1. Then, RF2 can be se-
lected using the above equation. A 39pF capacitor (C
F1) con-
nected across R
F1 helps in feeding back most of the AC
ripple at V
OUT
to the FB pin. This helps reduce the
peak-to-peak output voltage ripple as well as improve the ef-
DS100934-15
FIGURE 2. Typical Step-Up Regulator Waveforms
LM2621
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