参数资料
型号: LTC1436AEGN#PBF
厂商: LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORP
元件分类: 稳压器
英文描述: RADIATION HARDENED HIGH EFFICIENCY, 5 AMP SWITCHING REGULATORS
中文描述: 2 A SWITCHING CONTROLLER, 400 kHz SWITCHING FREQ-MAX, PDSO24
封装: 0.150 INCH, PLASTIC, SSOP-24
文件页数: 14/28页
文件大小: 493K
代理商: LTC1436AEGN#PBF
21
LTC1436A
LTC1436A-PLL/LTC1437A
14367afb
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
WU
U
Efficiency. For example, in a 20V to 5V application,
10mA of INTVCC current results in approximately 3mA
of VIN current. This reduces the midcurrent loss from
10% or more (if the driver was powered directly from
VIN) to only a few percent.
3. I2R losses are predicted from the DC resistances of the
MOSFET, inductor and current shunt. In continuous
mode the average output current flows through L and
RSENSE, but is “chopped” between the topside main
MOSFET and the synchronous MOSFET. If the two
MOSFETs have approximately the same RDS(ON), then
the resistance of one MOSFET can simply be summed
with the resistances of L and RSENSE to obtain I2R
losses. For example, if each RDS(ON) = 0.05,
RL = 0.15 and RSENSE = 0.05, then the total resis-
tance is 0.25
. This results in losses ranging from 3%
to 10% as the output current increases from 0.5A to 2A.
I2R losses cause the efficiency to drop at high output
currents.
4. Transition losses apply only to the topside MOSFET(s),
and only when operating at high input voltages (typi-
cally 20V or greater). Transition losses can be esti-
mated from:
Transition Loss = 2.5(VIN)1.85(IMAX)(CRSS)(f)
Other losses including CIN and COUT ESR dissipative
losses, Schottky conduction losses during dead-time and
inductor core losses, generally account for less than 2%
total additional loss.
Checking Transient Response
The regulator loop response can be checked by looking at
the load transient response. Switching regulators take
several cycles to respond to a step in DC (resistive) load
current. When a load step occurs, VOUT immediately shifts
by an amount equal to (
ILOAD)(ESR), where ESR is the
effective series resistance of COUT. ILOAD also begins to
charge or discharge COUT which generates a feedback
error signal. The regulator loop then acts to return VOUT to
its steady-state value. During this recovery time VOUT can
be monitored for overshoot or ringing, which would
indicate a stability problem. The ITH external components
shown in the Figure 1 circuit will provide adequate com-
pensation for most applications.
L
INDUCTOR
1435A F08
Figure 13. Allowable Inductor/RSENSE Layout Orientations
Efficiency Considerations
The efficiency of a switching regulator is equal to the
output power divided by the input power times 100%. It is
often useful to analyze individual losses to determine what
is limiting the efficiency and which change would produce
the most improvement. Efficiency can be expressed as:
Efficiency = 100% – (L1 + L2 + L3 + ...)
where L1, L2, etc. are the individual losses as a percentage
of input power.
Although all dissipative elements in the circuit produce
losses, four main sources usually account for most of the
losses in LTC1436A/LTC1437A circuits: LTC1436A/
LTC1437A VIN current, INTVCC current, I2R losses and
topside MOSFET transition losses.
1. The VIN current is the DC supply current given in the
Electrical Characteristics table which excludes MOSFET
driver and control currents. VIN current results in a
small (< 1%) loss which increases with VIN.
2. INTVCC current is the sum of the MOSFET driver and
control currents. The MOSFET driver current results
from switching the gate capacitance of the power
MOSFETs. Each time a MOSFET gate is switched from
low to high to low again, a packet of charge dQ moves
from INTVCC to ground. The resulting dQ/dt is a current
out of INTVCC that is typically much larger than the
control circuit current. In continuous mode, IGATECHG =
f(QT + QB), where QT and QB are the gate charges of the
topside and bottom side MOSFETs. It is for this reason
that the Adaptive Power output stage switches to a low
QT MOSFET during low current operation.
By powering EXTVCC from an output-derived source,
the additional VIN current resulting from the driver and
control currents will be scaled by a factor of Duty Cycle/
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