参数资料
型号: PIC16F636-E/SL
厂商: Microchip Technology
文件页数: 8/74页
文件大小: 0K
描述: IC MCU FLASH 2KX14 14SOIC
产品培训模块: Asynchronous Stimulus
标准包装: 57
系列: PIC® 16F
核心处理器: PIC
芯体尺寸: 8-位
速度: 20MHz
外围设备: 欠压检测/复位,LVD,POR,WDT
输入/输出数: 11
程序存储器容量: 3.5KB(2K x 14)
程序存储器类型: 闪存
RAM 容量: 128 x 8
电压 - 电源 (Vcc/Vdd): 2 V ~ 5.5 V
振荡器型: 内部
工作温度: -40°C ~ 125°C
封装/外壳: 14-SOIC(0.154",3.90mm 宽)
包装: 管件
配用: AC162057-ND - MPLAB ICD 2 HEADER 14DIP
Micrel, Inc.
KSZ8841-PMQL
October 2007
16
M9999-100407-1.5
Physical Layer Transceiver (PHY)
100BASE-TX Transmit
The 100BASE-TX transmit function performs parallel-to-serial conversion, 4B/5B coding, scrambling, NRZ-to-NRZI
conversion, and MLT3 encoding and transmission.
The circuitry starts with a parallel-to-serial conversion, which converts the 25MHz 4-bit nibbles into a 125MHz serial bit
stream. The data and control stream is then converted into 4B/5B coding, followed by a scrambler. The serialized data
is further converted from NRZ-to-NRZI format, and then transmitted in MLT3 current output. An external 1% 3.01K
resistor for the 1:1 transformer ratio sets the output current.
The output signal has a typical rise/fall time of 4ns and complies with the ANSI TP-PMD standard regarding amplitude
balance, overshoot, and timing jitter. The wave-shaped 10BASE-T output driver is also incorporated into the 100BASE-
TX driver.
100BASE-TX Receive
The 100BASE-TX receiver function performs adaptive equalization, DC restoration, MLT3-to-NRZI conversion, data
and clock recovery, NRZI-to-NRZ conversion, de-scrambling, 4B/5B decoding, and serial-to-parallel conversion.
The receiving side starts with the equalization filter to compensate for inter-symbol interference (ISI) over the twisted
pair cable. Since the amplitude loss and phase distortion is a function of the cable length, the equalizer has to adjust its
characteristics to optimize performance. In this design, the variable equalizer makes an initial estimation based on
comparisons of incoming signal strength against some known cable characteristics, and then tunes itself for
optimization. This is an ongoing process and self-adjusts against environmental changes such as temperature
variations.
Next, the equalized signal goes through a DC restoration and data conversion block. The DC restoration circuit is used
to compensate for the effect of baseline wander and to improve the dynamic range. The differential data conversion
circuit converts the MLT3 format back to NRZI. The slicing threshold is also adaptive.
The clock recovery circuit extracts the 125MHz clock from the edges of the NRZI signal. This recovered clock is then
used to convert the NRZI signal into the NRZ format. This signal is sent through the de-scrambler followed by the 4B/5B
decoder. Finally, the NRZ serial data is converted to an MII format and provided as the input data to the MAC.
PLL Clock Synthesizer (Recovery)
The internal PLL clock synthesizer generates 125MHz, 62.5MHz, 41.66MHz, and 25MHz clocks by setting the on-chip
bus speed control register OBCR for KSZ8841-PMQL system timing. These internal clocks are generated from an
external 25MHz crystal or oscillator.
Note: Default setting is 25MHz in OBCR register, recommends the software driver to set it to 125MHz for best
performance.
Scrambler/De-scrambler (100BASE-TX Only)
The purpose of the scrambler is to spread the power spectrum of the signal to reduce electromagnetic interference
(EMI) and baseline wander.
Transmitted data is scrambled through the use of an 11-bit wide linear feedback shift register (LFSR). The scrambler
generates a 2047-bit non-repetitive sequence. Then the receiver de-scrambles the incoming data stream using the
same sequence as at the transmitter.
10BASE-T Transmit
The 10BASE-T driver is incorporated with the 100BASE-TX driver to allow for transmission using the same magnetic.
They are internally wave-shaped and pre-emphasized into outputs with typical 2.4V amplitude. The harmonic contents
are at least 27dB below the fundamental frequency when driven by an all-ones Manchester-encoded signal.
10BASE-T Receive
On the receive side, input buffers and level detecting squelch circuits are employed. A differential input receiver circuit
and a phase-locked loop (PLL) perform the decoding function.
The Manchester-encoded data stream is separated into clock signal and NRZ data. A squelch circuit rejects signals
with levels less than 400mV or with short pulse widths to prevent noise at the RXP-or-RXM input from falsely triggering
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