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| 型号： | 992215735011 |
| 厂商： | NXP SEMICONDUCTORS |
| 元件分类： | 模拟信号调理 |
| 英文描述： | SPECIALTY ANALOG CIRCUIT, CPGA76 |
| 封装： | PGA-76 |
| 文件页数： | 5/17页 |
| 文件大小： | 171K |
| 代理商： | 992215735011 |
1999 September
13
Philips Semiconductors
Product specification
Frame Transfer CCD Image Sensor
FTT1010-M
Application information
Current handling
One of the purposes of VPS is to drain the holes that are generated
during exposure of the sensor to light. Free electrons are either
transported to the VRD connection and, if excessive (from over-
exposure), free electrons are drained to VNS. No current should
flow into any VPS connection of the sensor. During high overexposure
a total current 10 to 15mA through all VPS connections together
may be expected. The PNP emitter follower in the circuit diagram
(figure 12) serves these current requirements.
VNS drains superfluous electrons as a result of overexposure. In
other words, it only sinks current. During high overexposure a total
current of 10 to 15mA through all VNS connections together may be
expected. The NPN emitter follower in the circuit diagram meets
these current requirements.The clamp circuit, consisting of the diode
and electrolytic capacitor, enables the addition of a Charge Reset
(CR) pulse on top of an otherwise stable VNS voltage. To protect the
CCD, the current resulting from this pulse should be limited. This
can be accomplished by designing a pulse generator with a rather
high output impedance.
Decoupling of DC voltages
All DC voltages (not VNS, which has additional CR pulses as
described above) should be decoupled with a 100nF decoupling
capacitor. This capacitor must be mounted as close as possible to
the sensor pin. Further noise reduction (by bandwidth limiting) is
achieved by the resistors in the connections between the sensor
and its voltage supplies. The electrons that build up the charge
packets that will reach the floating diffusions only add up to a small
current, which will flow through VRD.Therefore a large series resistor
in the VRD connection may be used.
Outputs
To limit the on-chip power dissipation, the output buffers are designed
with open source outputs. Outputs to be used should therefore be
loaded with a current source or more simply with a resistance to
GND. In order to prevent the output (which typically has an output
impedance of about 400
) from bandwidth limitation as a result of
capacitive loading, load the output with an emitter follower built from
a high-frequency transistor. Mount the base of this transistor as close
as possible to the sensor and keep the connection between the
emitter and the next stage short.
The CCD output buffer can easily be destroyed by ESD. By using
this emitter follower, this danger is suppressed; do NOT reintroduce
this danger by measuring directly on the output pin of the sensor
with an oscilloscope probe. Instead, measure on the output of the
emitter follower. Slew rate limitation is avoided by avoiding a too-
small quiescent current in the emitter follower; about 10mA should
do the job. The collector of the emitter follower should be decoupled
properly to suppress the Miller effect from the base-collector
capacitance.
A CCD output load resistor of 3.3k
typically results in a bandwidth
of 110MHz. The bandwidth can be enlarged to about 130MHz by
using a resistor of 2.2k
instead, which, however, also enlarges the
on-chip power dissipation.
Device protection
The output buffers of the FTT1010-M are likely to be damaged if
VPS rises above SFD or RD at any time.This danger is most realistic
during power-on or power-off of the camera. The RD voltage should
always be lower than the SFD voltage.
Never exceed the maximum output current. This may damage the
device permanently. The maximum output current should be limited
to 10mA. Be especially aware that the output buffers of these image
sensors are very sensitive to ESD damage.
Because of the fact that our CCDs are built on an n-type substrate,
we are dealing with some parasitic npn transistors.To avoid activation
of these transistors during switch-on and switch-off of the camera,
we recommend the application diagram of figure 12.
Unused sections
To reduce power consumption the following steps can be taken.
Connect unused output register pins (C1...C3, SG, OG) and unused
SFS pins to zero Volts.
More information
Detailed application information is provided in the application note
AN01 entitled ‘Camera Electronics for the mK x nK CCD Image
Sensor Family’.
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