参数资料
型号: HFA3842
厂商: Intersil Corporation
英文描述: Wireless LAN Medium Access Controller
中文描述: 无线局域网媒体访问控制器
文件页数: 24/26页
文件大小: 512K
代理商: HFA3842
24
Master Clock
Prescaler
The HFA3842 contains a clock prescaler to provide flexibility
in the choice of clock input frequencies. For 11Mb/s
operation, the internal master clock, MCLK, must be
between 11MHz and 16MHz. The clock generator itself
requires an input from the prescaler that is twice the desired
MCLK frequency. Thus the lowest oscillator frequency that
can be used for an 11MHz MCLK is 22MHz. The prescaler
can divide by integers and 1/2 steps (IE 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5).
Another way to look at it is that the divisor ratio between the
external clock source and the internal MCLK may be
integers between 2 and 14.
Typically, the 44MHz baseband clock is used as the input,
and the prescaler is set to divide by 2. Another useful
configuration is to set the prescaler to divide by 1.5 (resulting
in 44MHz
÷
3) for an MCLK of 14.67MHz. Contact the factory
for further details on setting the clock prescaler register in
the HFA3842.
Low-Frequency Crystal
The HFA3841 has an on-chip high-frequency oscillator that
can be used to generate the internal master clock (MCLK).
However, this on-chip high-frequency oscillator is almost
never used because the MAC controller can accept the
same clock signal as the PHY baseband processor (typically
44MHz), thereby avoiding the need for a separate, MAC-
specific oscillator in close proximity to the PHY RF circuitry.
Therefore, on the HFA3842 the high-frequency oscillator is
replaced by a low-frequency oscillator. This low-frequency
oscillator is intended for use with a 32.768KHz, tuning-fork
type watch crystal to permit accurate timekeeping with very
low power consumption during sleep state.
For the HFA3842 to achieve footprint compatibility with the
HFA3841, pin 40 (OSCIN on the HFA3841) becomes CLKIN,
which is the same function, when an external clock is
provided to the MAC controller (as is recommended when
using the HFA3842 with PRISM radios). The low-frequency
crystal attaches between pin 39 (which is a 3.3V power input
for the high-frequency oscillator on the HFA3841) and pin 41
(which is XTALO on the HFA3841, hence, unconnected if the
on-chip oscillator is not being used). Refer to Figure 26 for
additional details.
If a 32.768KHz crystal is connected, the resulting LF clock is
supplied to an interval timer to permit measuring sleep
intervals as well as providing a programmable wake-up time.
In addition, the CHOICE-W clock generator can operate
either from CLKIN or (very slowly) from the LF clock. Glitch-
free switching between these two clock sources, under
firmware control, is provided by two, non-architectural Strobe
functions (“FAST” and “SLOW”). In addition, during hardware
reset, the clock generator source is set to the LF clock if no
edges are detected on CLKIN for two cycles of the LF clock
(roughly 61 microseconds). This allows proper initialization
with omission of either clock source, since without the LF
crystal attached there will not be cycles of the LF clock to
activate the detection circuit. The ability to initialize the
HFA3842 using the LF oscillator to generate MCLK allows
the high-frequency (PHY) oscillator to be powered down
during sleep state, which is not possible with the HFA3841. If
this is done, firmware can turn on power to the PHY
oscillator upon wakeup, and use the interval timer to
measure the startup and stabilization period before
switching to use CLKIN.
Clock Generator
The HFA3842 can operate with MCLK frequencies up to at
least 25MHz and CLKIN frequencies of at least 50MHz. The
MCLK prescaler generates MCLK (and QCLK) from the
external clock provided at the CLKIN input, or from the
output of the LF oscillator. The MCLK prescaler divides the
selected input clock by any integer value between 2 and 16,
inclusive.
When using a 44MHz CLKIN, as is typical for 802.11 or
802.11b controllers with a PC Card Host Interface,
common divisors are 3 (14.67MHz), 4 (11MHz), or 5
(8.8MHz)
It is anticipated that a controller for the 802.11a,
mandatory data rates will need to operate at an MCLK
frequency of a least 24MHz, hence a CLKIN frequency of
at least 48MHz.
The MCLK prescaler is set to divide by 16 at hardware reset
to allow initialization firmware to be executed from slow
memory devices at any CLKIN frequency. The MCLK
prescaler generates glitch free output when the divisor is
changed. This allows firmware to change the MCLK
frequency during operation, which is especially useful to
selectively reduce operating speed, thereby conserving
power, when full speed processing is not required.
Power On Reset Configuration
The HFA3842 supports both hardware and software reset
functions. Hardware reset is caused by assertion of the
RESET input. When using the PC Card host interface,
software reset is caused by setting the Sreset bit in the
Configuration Option Register (COR[71]. Hardware and
software reset leave the HFA3842 in the same state except
in the case of soft reset from the PC Card Host Interface, in
which case the COR and HCR registers come into play.
LF XTALI
LFXTALO
X1
C1
C2
FIGURE 26. 32.768kHz CRYSTAL
10M
22pF
4700pF
41
39
HFA3842
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HFA3842A 制造商:INTERSIL 制造商全称:Intersil Corporation 功能描述:PCMCIA/USB Wireless LAN Medium Access Controller
HFA3842AIN 制造商:INTERSIL 制造商全称:Intersil Corporation 功能描述:PCMCIA/USB Wireless LAN Medium Access Controller
HFA3842AIN-TK 制造商:INTERSIL 制造商全称:Intersil Corporation 功能描述:PCMCIA/USB Wireless LAN Medium Access Controller
HFA3842B 制造商:INTERSIL 制造商全称:Intersil Corporation 功能描述:PCMCIA/USB Wireless LAN Medium Access Controller
HFA3842BIN 制造商:INTERSIL 制造商全称:Intersil Corporation 功能描述:PCMCIA/USB Wireless LAN Medium Access Controller