参数资料
型号: LT1956-5EGN
厂商: LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORP
元件分类: 稳压器
英文描述: 3 A SWITCHING REGULATOR, 570 kHz SWITCHING FREQ-MAX, PDSO16
封装: 0.150 INCH, PLASTIC, SSOP-16
文件页数: 5/24页
文件大小: 437K
代理商: LT1956-5EGN
13
LT1956/LT1956-5
output of the LT1956, a larger value may be required. This
is to prevent excessive ripple causing dips below the mini-
mum operating voltage resulting in erratic operation.
Depending on how the LT1956 circuit is powered up you
may need to check for input voltage transients.
The input voltage transients may be caused by input
voltage steps or by connecting the LT1956 converter to an
already powered up source such as a wall adapter. The
sudden application of input voltage will cause a large
surge of current in the input leads that will store energy in
the parasitic inductance of the leads. This energy will
cause the input voltage to swing above the DC level of input
power source and it may exceed the maximum voltage
rating of input capacitor and LT1956.
The easiest way to suppress input voltage transients is to
add a small aluminum electrolytic capacitor in parallel with
the low ESR input capacitor. The selected capacitor needs
to have the right amount of ESR in order to critically
dampen the resonant circuit formed by the input lead
inductance and the input capacitor. The typical values of
ESR will fall in the range of 0.5
to2andcapacitancewill
fall in the range of 5
F to 50F.
If tantalum capacitors are used, values in the 22
F to
470
F range are generally needed to minimize ESR and
meet ripple current and surge ratings. Care should be
taken to ensure the ripple and surge ratings are not
exceeded. The AVX TPS and Kemet T495 series are surge
rated. AVX recommends derating capacitor operating
voltage by 2 for high surge applications.
SHORT-CIRCUIT CONSIDERATIONS
The LT1956 is a current mode controller. It uses the VC
node voltage as an input to a current comparator which
turns off the output switch on a cycle-by-cycle basis as
this peak current is reached. The internal clamp on the VC
node, nominally 2V, then acts as an output switch peak
current limit. This action becomes the switch current limit
specification. The maximum available output power is
then determined by the switch current limit.
A potential controllability problem could occur under
short-circuit conditions. If the power supply output is
short circuited, the feedback amplifier responds to the low
output voltage by raising the control voltage, VC, to its
peak current limit value. Ideally, the output switch would
be turned on, and then turned off as its current exceeded
the value indicated by VC. However, there is finite response
time involved in both the current comparator and turnoff
of the output switch. These result in a minimum on time
tON(MIN). When combined with the large ratio of VIN to
(VF + I R), the diode forward voltage plus inductor I R
voltage drop, the potential exists for a loss of control.
Expressed mathematically the requirement to maintain
control is:
ft
VI R
V
ON
F
IN
+
where:
f = switching frequency
tON = switch on time
VF = diode forward voltage
VIN = Input voltage
I R = inductor I R voltage drop
If this condition is not observed, the current will not be
limited at IPK, but will cycle-by-cycle ratchet up to some
higher value. Using the nominal LT1956 clock frequency
of 500KHz, a VIN of 40V and a (VF + I R) of say 0.7V, the
maximum tON to maintain control would be approximately
35ns, an unacceptably short time.
The solution to this dilemma is to slow down the oscillator
when the FB pin voltage is abnormally low thereby indicat-
ing some sort of short-circuit condition. Oscillator fre-
quency is unaffected until FB voltage drops to about 2/3 of
its normal value. Below this point the oscillator frequency
decreases roughly linearly down to a limit of about 100kHz.
This lower oscillator frequency during short-circuit condi-
tions can then maintain control with the effective mini-
mum on time.
It is recommended that for [VIN/(VOUT + VF)] ratios > 4, a
soft-start circuit should be used to control the output
capacitor charge rate during start-up or during recovery
from an output short circuit, thereby adding additional
control over peak inductor current. See Buck Converter
with Adjustable Soft-Start later in this data sheet.
APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO
WU
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