参数资料
型号: PIC16F747-I/P
厂商: Microchip Technology
文件页数: 163/231页
文件大小: 0K
描述: IC PIC MCU FLASH 4KX14 40DIP
产品培训模块: Asynchronous Stimulus
8-bit PIC® Microcontroller Portfolio
标准包装: 10
系列: PIC® 16F
核心处理器: PIC
芯体尺寸: 8-位
速度: 20MHz
连通性: I²C,SPI,UART/USART
外围设备: 欠压检测/复位,POR,PWM,WDT
输入/输出数: 36
程序存储器容量: 7KB(4K x 14)
程序存储器类型: 闪存
RAM 容量: 368 x 8
电压 - 电源 (Vcc/Vdd): 4 V ~ 5.5 V
数据转换器: A/D 14x10b
振荡器型: 内部
工作温度: -40°C ~ 85°C
封装/外壳: 40-DIP(0.600",15.24mm)
包装: 管件
产品目录页面: 640 (CN2011-ZH PDF)
配用: I3DBF777-ND - BOARD DAUGHTER ICEPIC3
DVA18XP400-ND - DEVICE ADAPTER 18F4220 PDIP 40LD
444-1001-ND - DEMO BOARD FOR PICMICRO MCU
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2009 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39636D-page 251
PIC18F2X1X/4X1X
22.4
Fail-Safe Clock Monitor
The Fail-Safe Clock Monitor (FSCM) allows the
microcontroller to continue operation in the event of an
external oscillator failure by automatically switching the
device clock to the internal oscillator block. The FSCM
function is enabled by setting the FCMEN Configuration
bit.
When FSCM is enabled, the INTRC oscillator runs at
all times to monitor clocks to peripherals and provide a
backup clock in the event of a clock failure. Clock
monitoring (shown in Figure 22-3) is accomplished by
creating a sample clock signal, which is the INTRC out-
put divided by 64. This allows ample time between
FSCM sample clocks for a peripheral clock edge to
occur. The peripheral device clock and the sample
clock are presented as inputs to the Clock Monitor latch
(CM). The CM is set on the falling edge of the device
clock source, but cleared on the rising edge of the
sample clock.
FIGURE 22-3:
FSCM BLOCK DIAGRAM
Clock failure is tested for on the falling edge of the
sample clock. If a sample clock falling edge occurs
while CM is still set, a clock failure has been detected
(Figure 22-4). This causes the following:
the FSCM generates an oscillator fail interrupt by
setting bit OSCFIF (PIR2<7>);
the device clock source is switched to the internal
oscillator block (OSCCON is not updated to show
the current clock source – this is the fail-safe
condition); and
the WDT is reset.
During switchover, the postscaler frequency from the
internal oscillator block may not be sufficiently stable
for timing sensitive applications. In these cases, it may
be desirable to select another clock configuration and
enter an alternate power-managed mode. This can be
done to attempt a partial recovery or execute a
controlled shutdown. See Section 3.1.4 “Multiple
more details.
To use a higher clock speed on wake-up, the INTOSC
or postscaler clock sources can be selected to provide
a higher clock speed by setting bits, IRCF2:IRCF0,
immediately after Reset. For wake-ups from Sleep, the
INTOSC or postscaler clock sources can be selected
by setting the IRCF2:IRCF0 bits prior to entering Sleep
mode.
The FSCM will detect failures of the primary or second-
ary clock sources only. If the internal oscillator block
fails, no failure would be detected, nor would any action
be possible.
22.4.1
FSCM AND THE WATCHDOG TIMER
Both the FSCM and the WDT are clocked by the
INTRC oscillator. Since the WDT operates with a
separate divider and counter, disabling the WDT has
no effect on the operation of the INTRC oscillator when
the FSCM is enabled.
As already noted, the clock source is switched to the
INTOSC clock when a clock failure is detected.
Depending on the frequency selected by the
IRCF2:IRCF0 bits, this may mean a substantial change
in the speed of code execution. If the WDT is enabled
with a small prescale value, a decrease in clock speed
allows a WDT time-out to occur and a subsequent
device Reset. For this reason, fail-safe clock events
also reset the WDT and postscaler, allowing it to start
timing from when execution speed was changed and
decreasing the likelihood of an erroneous time-out.
22.4.2
EXITING FAIL-SAFE OPERATION
The fail-safe condition is terminated by either a device
Reset or by entering a power-managed mode. On
Reset, the controller starts the primary clock source
specified in Configuration Register 1H (with any
required start-up delays that are required for the oscil-
lator mode, such as OST or PLL timer). The INTOSC
multiplexer provides the device clock until the primary
clock source becomes ready (similar to a Two-Speed
Start-up). The clock source is then switched to the pri-
mary clock (indicated by the OSTS bit in the OSCCON
register becoming set). The Fail-Safe Clock Monitor
then resumes monitoring the peripheral clock.
The primary clock source may never become ready
during start-up. In this case, operation is clocked by the
INTOSC multiplexer. The OSCCON register will remain
in its Reset state until a power-managed mode is
entered.
Peripheral
INTRC
÷ 64
S
C
Q
(32
μs)
488 Hz
(2.048 ms)
Clock Monitor
Latch (CM)
(edge-triggered)
Clock
Failure
Detected
Source
Clock
Q
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