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DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Feedback Control
UVLO
Reference
Voltage Error Amplifier
Oscillator
SLUS642A – OCTOBER 2005 – REVISED JANUARY 2006
The TPS40222 is a fixed frequency PWM controller incorporating an internal high-side MOSFET switch and is
intended for non-synchronous converter applications requiring load current of up to 1.6 A.
To maintain output voltage regulation, a fixed-frequency, current-mode-control architecture is employed. A
transconductance error amplifier with internal compensation senses the output voltage through a resistive divider
and compares the result with an internal 0.8-V precision reference voltage. The result of this comparison is fed to
the inverting input of a PWM comparator. A composite sawtooth voltage waveform is fed in to the non-inverting
input resulting at a PWM signal at the comparator output.
To generate the sawtooth ramp signal, the load current is sensed through the high-side MOSFET during the ON
portion of the switching cycle. The sensed current is then split and fed into two trimmed resistor banks that are
used to generate the ramps for the PWM control and the pulse-by-pulse current limit. This method of sensing
does not require a sense resistor in the high-current path. The portion of the load current for PWM control is then
summed with a signal proportional to the oscillator sawtooth, plus a small portion of DC bias to create the
composite ramp signal.
An internal circuit will turn on the converter when the AVIN voltage rises above approximately 3.8 V. At voltages
below this level, the internal oscillator is disabled and the internal MOSFET is biased off.
The precision bandgap reference of 0.8 V is trimmed to 1%.
The internal transconductance amplifier is used to control the output voltage. A series R-C circuit (2 M
, 16 pF)
from the output of the amplifier to ground serves as the compensation circuit for the converter.
During normal operation, the internal oscillator runs at a nominal 1.25 MHz. During startup, the oscillator starts at
a slower frequency, then as the output voltage rises, the frequency is increased to the nominal operating
frequency. The switch-over point occurs when the FB pin voltage exceeds 0.6 V. Above 0.6 V, the oscillator
remains at a nominal 1.25 MHz.
A signal derived from the oscillator ramp is used to develop slope compensation for PWM control.
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