ADM1034
Rev. 0 | Page 26 of 40
FAN INPUTS
Pin 2 and Pin 4 are TACH inputs intended for fan speed
measurement. These inputs are open-drain.
Signal conditioning on the ADM1034 accommodates the slow
rise and fall time of typical tachometer outputs. The maximum
input signal range is from 0 V to 5 V, even when VCC is less than
5 V. In the event that these inputs are supplied from fan outputs
exceeding 0 V to 5 V, either resistive attenuation of the fan
signal or diode clamping must be used to keep the fan inputs
within an acceptable range.
circuits. If the fan TACH has a resistive pull-up to VCC, it can
be connected directly to the fan output.
5V OR 12V
FAN
DRIVE X
FAN SPEED
COUNTER
ADM1034
TACH X
PULL-UP
4.7k
TYP
TACH
OUTPUT
VCC
100k
TYP
04918-0-034
Figure 36. Fan with TACH Pull-Up to +VCC
If the fan output has a resistive pull-up to 12 V (or another
voltage greater than 5 V), the fan output can be clamped with a
Zener diode, as shown in
Figure 37. The Zener voltage should
be chosen so that it is greater than VIH but less than 5 V.
Allowing for the voltage tolerance of the Zener, a value of
between 3 V and 5 V is suitable.
5V OR 12V
FAN
DRIVE X
FAN SPEED
COUNTER
ADM1034
TACH X
PULL-UP
4.7k
TYP
TACH
OUTPUT
VCC
100k
TYP
04918-0-035
ZD1*
*CHOOSE ZD1 VOLTAGE APPROXIMATELY 0.8
× V
CC
Figure 37. Fan with TACH Pull-Up to Voltage > 5 V, Clamped with Zener Diode
If the fan has a strong pull-up (less than 1 k to +12 V) or a
totem-pole output, a series resistor can be added to limit the
Zener current, as shown in
Figure 38. Alternatively, a resistive
R1 and R2 should be chosen such that
2 V < VPULLUP × R2/(RPULLUP + R1 + R2) < 5 V
The fan inputs have an input resistance of nominally 160 k to
ground. This should be taken into account when calculating
resistor values.
With a pull-up voltage of 12 V and pull-up resistor less than
1 k, suitable values for R1 and R2 would be 100 k and 47 k.
This gives a high input voltage of 3.83 V.
12V
ADM1034
FAN SPEED
COUNTER
FAN(0–7)
PULL-UP TYP
<1 k
OR
TOTEM POLE
TACH
OUTPUT
VCC
* CHOOSE ZD1 VOLTAGE APPROXIMATELY 0.8
× V
CC
ZD1
ZENER*
R1
10k
04918-0-036
Figure 38. Fan with Strong TACH. Pull-Up to >VCC or Totem-Pole Output,
Clamped with Zener and Resistor.
12V
FAN SPEED
COUNTER
ADM1034
FAN(0–7)
<1 k
TACH
OUTPUT
VCC
R1*
R2
*SEE TEXT
04918-0-037
Figure 39. Fan with Strong TACH. Pull-Up to >VCC or Totem-Pole Output,
Attenuated with R1/R2.
FAN SPEED MEASUREMENT
The fan counter does not count the fan TACH output pulses
directly. This is because the fan may be spinning at less than
1000 rpm and it would take several seconds to accumulate a
reasonably large and accurate count. Instead, the period of the
fan revolution is measured by gating an on-chip 81.92 kHz
oscillator into the input of a 16-bit counter for one complete
revolution of the fan. Therefore, the accumulated count is
actually proportional to the fan tachometer period and inversely
proportional to the fan speed.
The number of poles in the fan must be programmed in
Configuration Register 3 (Address 0x03). Bits <3:0> set the
number of poles for Fan 1, and Bits <7:4> set the number of
poles for Fan 2. This number must be an even number only,
because there cannot be an uneven number of poles in a fan. A
TACH period is output for every two poles. Therefore, the
number of poles must be known so that the ADM1034 can
measure for a full revolution.