参数资料
型号: KAC-9627
厂商: Eastman Kodak Company
文件页数: 20/41页
文件大小: 0K
描述: IC SENSOR IMAGE VGA 48CLCC
标准包装: 480
象素大小: 7.5µm x 7.5µm
有源象素阵列: 648H x 488V
每秒帧数: 30
电源电压: 3.3V
类型: CMOS 成像
封装/外壳: 48-LCC
供应商设备封装: 48-LCC(14.22x14.22)
包装: 散装
请注意: *
其它名称: LM9627
IMAGE SENSOR SOLUTIONS
Functional Description (continued)
8.0
POWER MANAGMENT
7.0
SIGNAL PROCESSING
8.1 Power Up and Down
The KAC-9627 is equipped with an on-board power manage-
7.1 Bad Pixel Detection & Correction
The KAC-9627 has a built-in bad pixel detection and correction
block that operates on the fly. This block can be switched off by
the user.
7.2 Black Level Compensation
In addition to the programmable gain the KAC-9627 has a built
in black level compensation block as illustrated in Figure 28.
This block can be switched off.
Limit to 0-127
ment system allowing the analog and digital circuitry to be
switched off (power down) and on (power up) at any time.
The sensor can be put into power down mode by asserting a
logic one on the “ pdwn ” pin or by writing to the power down bit in
the main configuration register via the I 2 C compatible serial
interface.
To power up the sensor a logic zero can be asserted on the
“ pdwn ” pin or write to the power down bit in the main configura-
tion register via the I 2 C compatible serial interface.
Black Level Estimation
+
-
Blank negative values
It will take a few milliseconds for all the circuits to power up. The
power management register contains a bit indicating when the
sensor is ready for use. During this time the sensor cannot be
used for capturing images. A status bit in the power manage-
Bypass Mux
ment register will indicate when the sensor is ready for use.
Figure 28. Digital Black Level Compensation.
9.0
OFFSET ADJUSTMENT
The black level compensation block subtracts the estimated
average black level from the digital video output to compensate
for the temperature and integration time dependent dark signal
level of the pixels. Figure illustrates the black level estimation
circuit built into the LM9618
The level of the offset voltage determines the black level of the
image and has a direct impact on the image quality. Too high an
offset results in a white washed or hazy looking image, while too
low of an offset results in a dark image with low contrast even
though the light conditions are good.
X(z)
G
+
+
-
Integrator
z -1
Y(z)
For maximum image quality over a wide range of light conditions
it is necessary to set an appropriate offset voltage before using
the sensor to capture images.
The offset of each part can be adjusted by programming the off-
Y ( z ) = X ( z ) ---------------------------
G
Figure 29. Black Level Estimation Circuit
After optional clipping (the Clip parameter in the BLCOEFF reg-
ister) of the MSB (used to remove the signal level of hot pixel
noise, the block estimates the average of the black signal level
by means of a low-pass filter that is applied to the series of black
pixel signals of the black pixels that are included in the scan win-
dow. This low-pass filter features a programmable time-con-
stant. The estimated average black level value is then
subtracted from the pixel data. During readout of active pixels,
the running average is frozen and not updated.
The transfer function (in Z-domain) of the low-pass filter in the
black level estimation block is given by:
G
z – ( 1 – G )
where the gain G is programmable through α :
G = 2 – ( 7 + α )
An increased value of α ( the Alpha parameter in the BLCOEFF
register ) increases the loop gain and therefore increases its
time-constant, resulting in a slower update of the integrator.
The actual black pixels used for the black level estimation is
dependent on the user defined scan window as illustrated in fig-
ure 30. In all cases only the inner 4 rows and columns are used.
Scan Window
set control register (OCR) via the I 2 C compatible serial interface.
To calibrate the offset of a given part the following procedure
should be followed:
? Disable the black level compensation block by writing a logic
1 to bit 4 of the Main Configuration Register 0 (MCFG0:
address 02Hex).
? Set the sensor ’s gain to 1 by writing 00Hex to registers
VGAIN, GGAIN, BGAIN, RGAIN.
? Calculate the average black level by reading a full frame and
calculating the average black level (BL average ) of the first and
last 5 black pixels in the every row of the array.
? If the calculated average black level is greater than the target
black level then set the OffSign bit of the OCR register to a
logic 1, else set it to a logic 0.
? The offset can be adjusted by running the following binary
search algorithm on the OffMag parameter in the OCR regis-
ter:
? For n=6 to 1 step -1
? {
Set OffMag bit n in the OCR register to a logic one by
writing over the I 2 C compatible interface.
Read a full frame and calculate the average black level
(BL average ) of the first and last 5 black pixels in the every
row of the array
If (BL average < 100) then
Reset OffMag bit n in the OCR register to 0
else
Display Window
}
Keep OffMag bit n set to one.
Pixel Array
Black Pixels
Black Pixels
used for black
level estimation
? Enable the black level compensation block (if desired) by writ-
ing a logic 0 to bit 4 of the Main Configuration Register 0
(MCFG0: address 02Hex)
Figure 30. Black Pixels Used For Black Level Estimation
www.kodak.com/go/imagers 585-722-4385
20
Email:imagers@kodak.com
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