6
80960SB
Figure 4. Multiple Register Sets Are Stored On-Chip
r15
r0
31
0
ONE OF FOUR
LOCAL
REGISTER SETS
REGISTER
CACHE
LOCAL REGISTER SET
1.1.7
Floating-Point Arithmetic
In the 80960SB, floating-point arithmetic has been
made an integral part of the architecture. Having the
floating-point unit integrated on chip provides two
advantages. First, it improves the performance of the
chip
for
floating-point
applications,
since
no
additional bus overhead is associated with floating-
point calculations, thereby leaving more time for
other bus operations such as I/O. Second, the cost of
using floating-point operations is reduced because a
separate coprocessor chip is not required.
The 80960SB floating-point (real-number) data types
include single-precision (32-bit), double-precision
(64-bit) and extended precision (80-bit) floating-point
numbers. Any registers may be used to execute
floating-point operations.
The processor provides hardware support for both
mandatory and recommended portions of IEEE
Standard 754 for floating-point arithmetic, including
all arithmetic, exponential, logarithmic and other
transcendental functions. Table 3 shows execution
times for some representative instructions.
1.1.8
High Bandwidth Bus
The 80960SB CPU resides on a high-bandwidth
address/data bus. The bus provides a direct commu-
nication path between the processor and the
memory
and
I/O
subsystem
interfaces.
The
processor uses the bus to fetch instructions,
manipulate memory and respond to interrupts. Bus
features include:
16-bit data path multiplexed onto the lower bits of
the 32-bit address path
Eight 16-bit half-word burst capability which
allows transfers from 1 to 16 bytes at a time
High bandwidth reads and writes with
25.6 MBytes/s burst (at 16 MHz)
Table 4 defines bus signal names and functions;
Table 5 defines other component-support signals
such as interrupt lines.
Table 3. Sample Floating-Point Execution Times
(
s) at 16 MHz
Function
32-Bit
64-Bit
Add
0.6
0.8
Subtract
0.6
0.8
Multiply
1.1
2.0
Divide
2.0
4.5
Square Root
5.8
6.1
Arctangent
15.8
20.5
Exponent
17.7
19.5
Sine
23.8
25.9
Cosine
23.8
25.9