(
)
OUT(MAX)
IN
OUT(MAX)
MAX
BULK
SW
I
0.25
V
=
+
I
ESR
C
f
D
2
OUT(MAX)
CIN
I
=
(
)
OUT(MAX)
IN(MAX)
OUT
MIN
IN(MAX)
IND
OUT
SW
V
L
=
V
K
I
F
-
(
)
2
OUT
IN(MAX)
OUT
2
L(RMS)
OUT(MAX)
IN(MAX)
OUT
SW
V
1
I
=
I
+
12
V
L
F
0.7
-
÷
÷
è
(
)
OUT
IN(MAX)
OUT
L(PK)
OUT(MAX)
IN(MAX)
OUT
SW
V
I
= I
+
1.4
V
L
F
-
SLUS859B
– OCTOBER 2008 – REVISED FEBRUARY 2011
This input ripple voltage can be approximated by
Equation 6(6)
Where IOUT(MAX) is the maximum load current, fSW is the switching frequency, CBULK is the bulk capacitor value
and ESRMAX is the maximum series resistance of the bulk capacitor.
The maximum RMS ripple current also needs to be checked. For worst case conditions, this can be
(7)
In this case, the input ripple voltage would be 143 mV and the RMS ripple current would be 1.5 A. It is also
important to note that the actual input voltage ripple will be greatly affected by parasitics associated with the
layout and the output impedance of the voltage source. The actual input voltage ripple for this circuit is shown in
Design Parameters and is larger than the calculated value. This measured value is still below the specified input
limit of 300 mV. The maximum voltage across the input capacitors would be VIN max plus
ΔVIN/2. The chosen
bulk and bypass capacitors are each rated for 50 V and the ripple current capacity is greater than 3 A, both
providing ample margin. It is important that the maximum ratings for voltage and current are not exceeded under
any circumstance.
OUTPUT FILTER COMPONENTS
Two components need to be selected for the output filter, L1 and C2. Since the TPS54233 is an externally
compensated device, a wide range of filter component types and values can be supported.
Inductor Selection
To calculate the minimum value of the output inductor, use
Equation 8(8)
KIND is a coefficient that represents the amount of inductor ripple current relative to the maximum output current.
This value is at the discretion of the designer; however, the following guidelines may be used. For designs using
low ESR output capacitors such as ceramics, a value as high as KIND = 0.3 may be used. When using higher
ESR output capacitors, KIND = 0.2 yields better results.
For this design example, use KIND = 0.3 and the minimum inductor value is calculated to be 14.97μH. For this
design, the closest value 15
μH was chosen.
For the output filter inductor, it is important that the RMS current and saturation current ratings not be exceeded.
The RMS inductor current can be found from
Equation 9(9)
and the peak inductor current can be determined with
Equation 10(10)
For this design, the RMS inductor current is 2.02 A and the peak inductor current is 2.43 A. The chosen inductor
is a Coilcraft MSS1038-153ML 15
μH. It has a saturation current rating of 3.86 A and an RMS current rating of
3.8 A, meeting these requirements. Smaller or larger inductor values can be used depending on the amount of
ripple current the designer wishes to allow so long as the other design requirements are met. Larger value
inductors will have lower ac current and result in lower output voltage ripple, while smaller inductor values will
increase ac current and output voltage ripple. Inductor values for use with the TPS54233 are in the range of
6.8
μH to 47 μH.
12
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