Detailed Description
7
SLES043 — September 2002
TVP5150
Line
Delay
–
Peaking
Quadrature
Modulation
Quadrature
Demodulation
Notch
Filter
Color LPF
↓ 2
3- or 4-Line
Adaptive
Comb
Filter
Burst
Accumulator
(V)
Notch
Filter
Notch
Filter
Notch
Filter
Delay
Contrast
Brightness
Saturation
Adjust
Delay
V
Y
U
UV
Y
Burst
Accumulator
(U)
U
Delay
V
+
Delay
X
Gain Factor
Bandpass
Peak
Detector
Composite
Color LPF
↓ 2
Figure 2–1. Composite Processing Block Diagram
2.5.1 Adaptive Comb Filtering
Y/C separation may be done using adaptive 4-line or 3-line (3-H or 2-H delay), fixed 3-line, fixed 2-line comb
filters, or a chroma trap filter as shown. Adaptive comb filtering is available for both luminance and
chrominance. The adaptive comb filter algorithm computes the vertical and horizontal contours of color based
on a block of 3x3 pixels.
If there is a sharp color transition, comb filtering is applied to the two lines that have less color changes. If there
is no color transition, 3-line comb filtering is used with a choice of filter coefficients [1/4, 1/2, 1/4] or [1/2, 0,
1/2] programmable via the host port. Characteristics of 2-line and 3-line comb filters are also shown. The filter
frequency plots show that both 2-line and 3-line (with filter coefficients [1/4, 1/2, 1/4]) comb filters have zeros
at 1/2 of the horizontal line frequency to separate the interleaved Y/C spectrum in NTSC. The 3-line comb filter
has less cross-luma and cross-chroma noise due to slightly sharper filter cutoff. The 3-line comb filter with filter
coefficients [1/2, 0, 1/2] has two zeros at 1/4 and 3/4 of the horizontal line frequency. This should be used for
PAL only because of its 90 degree U/V phase shifting from line to line. The comb filter can be selectively
bypassed in the luma or chroma path. If the comb filter is bypassed in the luma path, then chroma notch filters
are used (next section). TI’s patented adaptive comb filter algorithm reduces artifacts, such as hanging dots
at the color boundary, and detects and properly handles false colors in high-frequency luminance images such
as a multiburst pattern or circle pattern. Adaptive comb filtering is the recommended mode of operation.