Lattice Semiconductor
ORCA ORT82G5 Data Sheet
23
Figure 9. Fibre Channel Link State Machine State Diagram
XAUI Link Synchronization Function
For each lane, the receive section of the XAUI link state machine incorporates a synchronization state machine that
monitors the status of the 10-bit alignment. A 10-bit alignment is done in the SERDES based on a comma charac-
ter such as K28.5. A comma (0011111 or its complement 1100000) is a unique pattern in the 10-bit space that can-
not appear across the boundary between any two valid 10-bit code-groups. This property makes the comma useful
for delimiting code-groups in a serial stream.This mechanism incorporates a hysteresis to prevent false synchroni-
zation and loss of synchronization due to infrequent bit errors. For each lane, the sync_complete signal is disabled
until the lane achieves synchronization. The synchronization state diagram is shown in
Figure 10. This state
machine is implemented as dened in draft IEEE 802.3ae, version 2.1 but will also operate properly with version
Table 4. XAUI Link Synchronization State Diagram – Functions
Function
Description
sync_complete
Indication that alignment code-group alignment has been established at the boundary indicated by the
most recently received comma.
cg_comma
Indication that a valid code-group, with correct running disparity, containing a comma has been received.
cg_good
Indication that a valid code-group with the correct running disparity has been received.
cg_bad
Indication that an invalid code-group has been received.
no_comma
Indication that comma timer has expired. The timer is initialized upon receipt of a comma.
LOS = 1
LAST ORDERED SET RECEIVED:
VW
RST
LINK SYNCHRONIZATION ACHIEVED (WDSYNC = 1)
OS
CV
OS
CV
1VW
2 VW
a
b
c
d
e
h
g
f
LOSS OF SYNCHRONIZATION (WDSYNC_XX = 0)
LSM_ENABLE
+
POWERUP_RESET
VW: VALID WORD (A 4 CHARACTER BASED WORD HAVING NO CODE VIOLATION) WITH AT LEAST
CV: CODE VIOLATION (RUNNING DISPARITY BASED ON ILLEGAL COMMA POSITION)
OS: IDLE ORDERED SET (A 4 CHARACTER BASED WORD HAVING COMMA AS THE 1ST CHARACTER)
1VW: FIRST VALID WORD AFTER A CODE VIOLATION
TWO PRECEEDING VALID WORDS
2VW: SECOND VALID WORD AFTER A CODE VIOLATION